First, seedling selection and disinfection
1. Seedlings were selected for weight: Newly hatched larvae were generally of high quality with a weight of more than 3 grams. If they were less than 3 grams, the parents were light, young or malnourished, and were of poor health. Body color: The juvenile web is orange-red, and the redder the better. On the contrary, it is poor in constitution when it is light red or yellow, but the body's web is gray or black after weighing 20 grams.
2. Sterilization of young seedlings must be disinfected with the drug to dispose of the ponds to promote the healing of the wounds caused by fishing operations and long-distance transportation, and to avoid the introduction of exogenous pathogens into the breeding waters in the greenhouse. The main methods are: soak with 1% ~ 2% salt for 10 ~ 15 minutes, soak with potassium permanganate 10 mg / l for 10 minutes, with copper sulfate 8 mg / liter plus ferrous sulfate 2 mg / l soak 10 ~ 15 minute. The specific soaking time and concentration should be flexibly controlled according to the water temperature and the physical strength of the infant after transportation.
Second, water quality management is the key to disease prevention
1. After the seedlings are cast in the early stage of seedlings, the water quality is lean, the young individuals are small, the food intake is small, the excrement is small, and the water body is transparent. In order to eliminate the uneasy living environment, early adaptation and early start of food, water quality training is required before investment, that is, to cultivate phytoplankton, maintain it at an appropriate level, moderate water body fat, in order to give full play to its oxygen, Accelerate the circulation of substances and inhibit the reproduction of other organisms (such as fungal white fungus), avoid the early outbreak of white spot disease (especially in Taiwan) and cause serious losses. Method: Use 3~5g/m3 potassium permanganate to fully dissolve and then splash the whole pond to kill some zooplankton and disinfect the pool water, so that the amount of phytoplankton will increase day by day, and the water color will change from yellow to green and grass green.
2. Adjust the water temperature of the pool in the shed. After the long-distance transportation, the larvae should use the advanced walkway next to the shed to allow them to rest for about 1 hour. Then the seedlings should be seeded in each pool and the seedlings should be carefully handled.鳖 Divide yourself into the water. After adapting to the water environment, the water temperature is gradually adjusted to (30 1) °C. This temperature is not only beneficial to the juvenile's active feeding, but also can inhibit the growth and reproduction of fungi (such as white spot fungus), because the optimum growth temperature of the fungus is 18～ 26. C.
3. About 20 days after the water quality is controlled, the individual will increase daily, the amount of feed will increase, the amount of excrement will increase, the water quality will become eutrophic, the water color will change from light green to dark green, and there will be moss or a lot of foam on the water surface. The water quality of Dianchi Lake has become old, the organic matter content is too high, and there are too many phytoplankton, so it is necessary to adjust it in time. Change the water 15 to 25 centimeters a week. Practice: Remove 2 to 3 centimeters before feeding each meal (note the adjustment of the front and rear feed racks), add 7 to 10 centimeters of fresh water every 3 days to restore the lowered water level; add and change water as slowly as possible to reduce sudden changes in water levels and water intake Noise on juvenile stress; 30 to 50 g/m3 of calcined water every 15 days to slag, Quanchiposa disinfection, increase the pH value, prevent acidification of the water, pH is controlled at about 7.5, reduce hydrogen sulfide Nitrite and ammonia nitrogen poison young juveniles. In order to save fuel costs, available water quality improver 1 ~ 2 g / m 3 and beneficial microbial preparations such as Yishuibao, EM bacteria, viable bacteria, such as vitamins and other 0.4 ~ 0.5 ml / m. Improve water purification, or use blue water treasure, bleach 3 grams / meter. Algae sterilization, turning the water into green or blue-green, about 15 centimeters of transparency; When zooplankton, especially rotifers, Cladocera and copepods reproduce in large numbers, and phytoplankton is significantly reduced, the body of water is translucent brown or white When using 3 to 5 g/m 3 of potassium permanganate or 0.7 g/m 3 of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2) to kill. In short, this stage should pay close attention to the balance and stability of algae in water quality, prevent water quality from causing serious diseases such as white spot disease and fulminant disease mumps.
Third, regular medication is an effective measure to prevent disease
1. White spot and white spot drugs prevent the emergence of seedlings in the early stages, especially Taiwan seedlings, and focus on the prevention of white spot disease and white spot disease. Measures: 15 grams per cubic meter of water body 2 days after seedlings are injected into the potion and stocked for 10 days and then used once. During the breeding period, they should be splashed once every 15 to 20 days. Chinese herbs: 40% of Chinese gall, 20% of Astragalus, 30% of Euphorbia, 10% of Euphorbia; at the same time, alternately using dibromohydantoin, strong chlorin, and povidone-iodine once every other cycle; use 30 per half-month g/m3 of calcined water is used to increase the pH value and increase the calcium ion content of the water, which is beneficial to the growth of the carcass; once it is complicated by white spot disease and white spot disease, white spots should be treated before the white spot is cured; otherwise, the bacteria will be destroyed first. Will accelerate the breeding and outbreak of fungal leukoplakia.
2. White spot disease, mumps drug prevention should be improved from the body's immune system, anti-stress ability, regular feeding Chinese herbal medicine in the active season to actively prevent: Acanthopanax, Codonopsis, licorice, Angelica, Purslane, Astragalus, double flowers , Houttuynia cordata, Radix is ​​milled into fine powder and fed continuously for 6 days; the dosage is 8% of the day's dry feed, and the powder is soaked in 3 times warm water for 3 hours before adding: regular use of quick lime, chlorine dioxide, povidone Iodine regulation, disinfection of pool water.
1. Seedlings were selected for weight: Newly hatched larvae were generally of high quality with a weight of more than 3 grams. If they were less than 3 grams, the parents were light, young or malnourished, and were of poor health. Body color: The juvenile web is orange-red, and the redder the better. On the contrary, it is poor in constitution when it is light red or yellow, but the body's web is gray or black after weighing 20 grams.
2. Sterilization of young seedlings must be disinfected with the drug to dispose of the ponds to promote the healing of the wounds caused by fishing operations and long-distance transportation, and to avoid the introduction of exogenous pathogens into the breeding waters in the greenhouse. The main methods are: soak with 1% ~ 2% salt for 10 ~ 15 minutes, soak with potassium permanganate 10 mg / l for 10 minutes, with copper sulfate 8 mg / liter plus ferrous sulfate 2 mg / l soak 10 ~ 15 minute. The specific soaking time and concentration should be flexibly controlled according to the water temperature and the physical strength of the infant after transportation.
Second, water quality management is the key to disease prevention
1. After the seedlings are cast in the early stage of seedlings, the water quality is lean, the young individuals are small, the food intake is small, the excrement is small, and the water body is transparent. In order to eliminate the uneasy living environment, early adaptation and early start of food, water quality training is required before investment, that is, to cultivate phytoplankton, maintain it at an appropriate level, moderate water body fat, in order to give full play to its oxygen, Accelerate the circulation of substances and inhibit the reproduction of other organisms (such as fungal white fungus), avoid the early outbreak of white spot disease (especially in Taiwan) and cause serious losses. Method: Use 3~5g/m3 potassium permanganate to fully dissolve and then splash the whole pond to kill some zooplankton and disinfect the pool water, so that the amount of phytoplankton will increase day by day, and the water color will change from yellow to green and grass green.
2. Adjust the water temperature of the pool in the shed. After the long-distance transportation, the larvae should use the advanced walkway next to the shed to allow them to rest for about 1 hour. Then the seedlings should be seeded in each pool and the seedlings should be carefully handled.鳖 Divide yourself into the water. After adapting to the water environment, the water temperature is gradually adjusted to (30 1) °C. This temperature is not only beneficial to the juvenile's active feeding, but also can inhibit the growth and reproduction of fungi (such as white spot fungus), because the optimum growth temperature of the fungus is 18～ 26. C.
3. About 20 days after the water quality is controlled, the individual will increase daily, the amount of feed will increase, the amount of excrement will increase, the water quality will become eutrophic, the water color will change from light green to dark green, and there will be moss or a lot of foam on the water surface. The water quality of Dianchi Lake has become old, the organic matter content is too high, and there are too many phytoplankton, so it is necessary to adjust it in time. Change the water 15 to 25 centimeters a week. Practice: Remove 2 to 3 centimeters before feeding each meal (note the adjustment of the front and rear feed racks), add 7 to 10 centimeters of fresh water every 3 days to restore the lowered water level; add and change water as slowly as possible to reduce sudden changes in water levels and water intake Noise on juvenile stress; 30 to 50 g/m3 of calcined water every 15 days to slag, Quanchiposa disinfection, increase the pH value, prevent acidification of the water, pH is controlled at about 7.5, reduce hydrogen sulfide Nitrite and ammonia nitrogen poison young juveniles. In order to save fuel costs, available water quality improver 1 ~ 2 g / m 3 and beneficial microbial preparations such as Yishuibao, EM bacteria, viable bacteria, such as vitamins and other 0.4 ~ 0.5 ml / m. Improve water purification, or use blue water treasure, bleach 3 grams / meter. Algae sterilization, turning the water into green or blue-green, about 15 centimeters of transparency; When zooplankton, especially rotifers, Cladocera and copepods reproduce in large numbers, and phytoplankton is significantly reduced, the body of water is translucent brown or white When using 3 to 5 g/m 3 of potassium permanganate or 0.7 g/m 3 of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate mixture (5:2) to kill. In short, this stage should pay close attention to the balance and stability of algae in water quality, prevent water quality from causing serious diseases such as white spot disease and fulminant disease mumps.
Third, regular medication is an effective measure to prevent disease
1. White spot and white spot drugs prevent the emergence of seedlings in the early stages, especially Taiwan seedlings, and focus on the prevention of white spot disease and white spot disease. Measures: 15 grams per cubic meter of water body 2 days after seedlings are injected into the potion and stocked for 10 days and then used once. During the breeding period, they should be splashed once every 15 to 20 days. Chinese herbs: 40% of Chinese gall, 20% of Astragalus, 30% of Euphorbia, 10% of Euphorbia; at the same time, alternately using dibromohydantoin, strong chlorin, and povidone-iodine once every other cycle; use 30 per half-month g/m3 of calcined water is used to increase the pH value and increase the calcium ion content of the water, which is beneficial to the growth of the carcass; once it is complicated by white spot disease and white spot disease, white spots should be treated before the white spot is cured; otherwise, the bacteria will be destroyed first. Will accelerate the breeding and outbreak of fungal leukoplakia.
2. White spot disease, mumps drug prevention should be improved from the body's immune system, anti-stress ability, regular feeding Chinese herbal medicine in the active season to actively prevent: Acanthopanax, Codonopsis, licorice, Angelica, Purslane, Astragalus, double flowers , Houttuynia cordata, Radix is ​​milled into fine powder and fed continuously for 6 days; the dosage is 8% of the day's dry feed, and the powder is soaked in 3 times warm water for 3 hours before adding: regular use of quick lime, chlorine dioxide, povidone Iodine regulation, disinfection of pool water.
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