Apricot tree has strong adaptability, early fruiting, long life, low requirement for cultivation conditions, suitable for potted plants, and apricot fruit with beautiful colors, beautiful fruit shape, fragrant smell, rich nutrition, and can be used for apricot tree pots in houses, building balconies, etc.
First, the choice of species. Apricot varieties, potted apricot should choose large fruit, bright color, longer fruit period, late flowering period, easy to avoid early spring frost hazards. Such as: Lanzhou big access apricot, white plum apricot, string sticks red, Hebei Daxiangbai apricot, crystal apricot, etc., are potted varieties.
Second, seedling cultivation. Apricot tree seedlings are made from ordinary apricot seedlings or peach seedlings as rootstocks and cultivated by grafting. Before the soil is frozen in the autumn, the seeds of the rootstock are directly planted in the open ditch. The depth of sowing is 5-7 cm. After the sowing, the soil is sown and watered. The emergence rate of the spring can reach 90% or more. It is carefully cultivated in the spring of the third year. Select excellent varieties for grafting, the survival rate is relatively high. Spring sowing can also be used, summer and autumn bud connection method.
Third, the basin colonization. Rootstocks with well-developed, vigorously growing seedlings were planted before sprouting of the apricot tree. First, a few crushed tiles were placed on the water-seeping hole at the bottom of the 20-25 cm pot at the selected caliber, and 2 cm thick sand was placed at the bottom of the pot. , Then add some nutritious soil. The nutritious soil requires 1/2 manure (decayed cow dung or horse dung) + 1/2 garden soil, a small amount of sand, and 1 kg of 25% NPK compound fertilizer per cubic meter of nutrient soil. The depth of planting is appropriate to cover the original soil surface of the nursery stock. The mating interface must be exposed to the soil surface, and the nutrient soil to the basin must be eight, leaving about 20% of the edge to facilitate watering and pouring the basin with water once. If there is a large collapse of pots and soils, new nutrient soils should be filled in timely and watered.
Fourth, plastic trim. Potted apricots have strong trunks. When they are used in plastic surgery, they are mostly trunk-shaped. The height of the stems is 20-30 cm. The main trunk is 5-6 branches, and the main branch is on the branch. The principle of sapling winter pruning is: from cutting only no sparse, not shrinking or less sparse shrinking, gradually turning to shrink mainly, sparse, cut, put combined. For branches that extend too long, too high branches, retract to full flower buds, short branches at larger angles, in order to achieve the purpose of controlling the crown; to eliminate upright, small buds and overlapping branches, cross branches . For a tree with a large tree age or too much fruit, a weak tree vigor and baldness in the lumen, it is important to reduce the relatively weak branches in the lower part of the crown to promote branching; Bouquets of fruit branches for good results.
In addition to pruning the heart in summer, before and after budding, the method of pulling branches is used to increase the angle of branches, increase the germination rate, increase the amount of short branches, and promote flowering.
Fifth, fertilizer and water management. The apricot flowering period (from the end of March to mid-April) has a relatively high humidity requirement. Sunny days must be filled with water to keep the pots wet. In early spring and autumn, water is poured for 2-3 days according to potting conditions. In winter, watering should be controlled, and the overwintering environment can be visually checked once every 10-15 days to prevent the basin soil from drying out.
Fertilizer is mainly applied to the organic fertilizer solution made by cakes (Ma sauce slag, bean cake, etc.). Fertilizer solution requires 1 kg of dried fertilizer to be diluted with water to 200 kg after soaking and fermentation. The principle of fertilization is to apply thin fertilizer and prevent fertilizer damage. From the apricot flowering season until the fruit is harvested, apply organic fertilizer every 7-10 days. During the flowering period, 1-2 times of 0.1% urea solution can be applied. During fruit enlargement period, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied 1-2 times to promote fruit development.
Sixth, keep flowers. If an apricot blossoms early and is vulnerable to frost, it directly affects the fruit set in the apricot, and the following measures can be taken:
1. Select varieties that bloom later, such as Shaanxi Yongquan Meixing and Shanxi Yongji Baimei apricot.
2. Potted apricots on the ground for wintering and digging in the trenches, watering the pots before the sprouts and potting the grass; spraying lime water 100 times on the canopy, which can delay the flowering period by about 5 days.
3. Spraying 0.1% qinggansu (MH) during the bud expansion period can postpone the flowering period by 4-6 days.
4. According to the weather forecast, at the time of late frost, the potted gardens piled grass and smoked, which can reduce frost damage.
5, apricot trees can be self-cultivation, but in order to improve the fruit setting rate, it is still necessary to carry out artificial flower-assisted pollination, and spraying boron or urea during flowering.
VII. Pest control. The pests and diseases of potted apricot trees mainly include Almond bee, Myzus persicae, Morinda citrifolia, Longhorn beetle, Peach fruit borer and apricot disease. Control methods: Combine pruning, cutting off pests and branches; use pest control to spray with 50% dichlorvos 1000 times, and spray 1-2 times 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture during apricot leaf development.
Eight, inverted basin. Potted apricot trees are usually poured once every 2-3 years. After the apricot tree is pulled out of the pot during dormancy, the root mat is removed and the surrounding roots and bottom soil are removed by about 1/3-1/4, while the above ground is moderate. Trim, re-planted according to the upper pot method. If the growth season needs to be inverted, it should be noted that the number of wounded roots should not be excessive, and appropriate shading and water spray should be given to protect the leaves.
Nine, wintering. Potted apricot trees can be used safely in winter for cold winters and cold winters in areas where winter is not too cold. Some grasses are covered in pots, and basin soils are checked for dryness before cold weather arrives. Keeping apricot trees safe for winter.
First, the choice of species. Apricot varieties, potted apricot should choose large fruit, bright color, longer fruit period, late flowering period, easy to avoid early spring frost hazards. Such as: Lanzhou big access apricot, white plum apricot, string sticks red, Hebei Daxiangbai apricot, crystal apricot, etc., are potted varieties.
Second, seedling cultivation. Apricot tree seedlings are made from ordinary apricot seedlings or peach seedlings as rootstocks and cultivated by grafting. Before the soil is frozen in the autumn, the seeds of the rootstock are directly planted in the open ditch. The depth of sowing is 5-7 cm. After the sowing, the soil is sown and watered. The emergence rate of the spring can reach 90% or more. It is carefully cultivated in the spring of the third year. Select excellent varieties for grafting, the survival rate is relatively high. Spring sowing can also be used, summer and autumn bud connection method.
Third, the basin colonization. Rootstocks with well-developed, vigorously growing seedlings were planted before sprouting of the apricot tree. First, a few crushed tiles were placed on the water-seeping hole at the bottom of the 20-25 cm pot at the selected caliber, and 2 cm thick sand was placed at the bottom of the pot. , Then add some nutritious soil. The nutritious soil requires 1/2 manure (decayed cow dung or horse dung) + 1/2 garden soil, a small amount of sand, and 1 kg of 25% NPK compound fertilizer per cubic meter of nutrient soil. The depth of planting is appropriate to cover the original soil surface of the nursery stock. The mating interface must be exposed to the soil surface, and the nutrient soil to the basin must be eight, leaving about 20% of the edge to facilitate watering and pouring the basin with water once. If there is a large collapse of pots and soils, new nutrient soils should be filled in timely and watered.
Fourth, plastic trim. Potted apricots have strong trunks. When they are used in plastic surgery, they are mostly trunk-shaped. The height of the stems is 20-30 cm. The main trunk is 5-6 branches, and the main branch is on the branch. The principle of sapling winter pruning is: from cutting only no sparse, not shrinking or less sparse shrinking, gradually turning to shrink mainly, sparse, cut, put combined. For branches that extend too long, too high branches, retract to full flower buds, short branches at larger angles, in order to achieve the purpose of controlling the crown; to eliminate upright, small buds and overlapping branches, cross branches . For a tree with a large tree age or too much fruit, a weak tree vigor and baldness in the lumen, it is important to reduce the relatively weak branches in the lower part of the crown to promote branching; Bouquets of fruit branches for good results.
In addition to pruning the heart in summer, before and after budding, the method of pulling branches is used to increase the angle of branches, increase the germination rate, increase the amount of short branches, and promote flowering.
Fifth, fertilizer and water management. The apricot flowering period (from the end of March to mid-April) has a relatively high humidity requirement. Sunny days must be filled with water to keep the pots wet. In early spring and autumn, water is poured for 2-3 days according to potting conditions. In winter, watering should be controlled, and the overwintering environment can be visually checked once every 10-15 days to prevent the basin soil from drying out.
Fertilizer is mainly applied to the organic fertilizer solution made by cakes (Ma sauce slag, bean cake, etc.). Fertilizer solution requires 1 kg of dried fertilizer to be diluted with water to 200 kg after soaking and fermentation. The principle of fertilization is to apply thin fertilizer and prevent fertilizer damage. From the apricot flowering season until the fruit is harvested, apply organic fertilizer every 7-10 days. During the flowering period, 1-2 times of 0.1% urea solution can be applied. During fruit enlargement period, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied 1-2 times to promote fruit development.
Sixth, keep flowers. If an apricot blossoms early and is vulnerable to frost, it directly affects the fruit set in the apricot, and the following measures can be taken:
1. Select varieties that bloom later, such as Shaanxi Yongquan Meixing and Shanxi Yongji Baimei apricot.
2. Potted apricots on the ground for wintering and digging in the trenches, watering the pots before the sprouts and potting the grass; spraying lime water 100 times on the canopy, which can delay the flowering period by about 5 days.
3. Spraying 0.1% qinggansu (MH) during the bud expansion period can postpone the flowering period by 4-6 days.
4. According to the weather forecast, at the time of late frost, the potted gardens piled grass and smoked, which can reduce frost damage.
5, apricot trees can be self-cultivation, but in order to improve the fruit setting rate, it is still necessary to carry out artificial flower-assisted pollination, and spraying boron or urea during flowering.
VII. Pest control. The pests and diseases of potted apricot trees mainly include Almond bee, Myzus persicae, Morinda citrifolia, Longhorn beetle, Peach fruit borer and apricot disease. Control methods: Combine pruning, cutting off pests and branches; use pest control to spray with 50% dichlorvos 1000 times, and spray 1-2 times 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture during apricot leaf development.
Eight, inverted basin. Potted apricot trees are usually poured once every 2-3 years. After the apricot tree is pulled out of the pot during dormancy, the root mat is removed and the surrounding roots and bottom soil are removed by about 1/3-1/4, while the above ground is moderate. Trim, re-planted according to the upper pot method. If the growth season needs to be inverted, it should be noted that the number of wounded roots should not be excessive, and appropriate shading and water spray should be given to protect the leaves.
Nine, wintering. Potted apricot trees can be used safely in winter for cold winters and cold winters in areas where winter is not too cold. Some grasses are covered in pots, and basin soils are checked for dryness before cold weather arrives. Keeping apricot trees safe for winter.
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