Cymbidium grandiflora, also known as Hutoulan and Huangliaolan, is an excellent tropical orchid. It is famous for its variety, large and large flowers and long flowering period. Flowering can be from November to May next year. However, due to lack of familiarity with Cymbidium, people feel that Cymbidium is expensive and difficult to maintain, but gives up after flowering. Actually, Cymbidium cultivation is not as difficult as other orchids, as long as it understands its habits. Give corresponding measures, after flowering, it can be cultivated successfully and continue to bloom.
First, the temperature
Cymbidium grandiflorum is highly adaptable to temperature and can grow at 10-35°C. It is most suitable for its growth at 20-30 °C during the day and 8-20 °C at night. Relative humidity in the hot season should be controlled at about 85% to facilitate heat dissipation. Most varieties need to have a temperature difference of 10-15°C between day and night and a maximum daily temperature of 28°C. After about 50 days, flower bud differentiation can be completed. From flower bud differentiation to flowering, the flower development process can only be completed normally in a relatively cool environment. Flowering orchids are relatively long, and can be opened at room temperature at 15°C for more than 3 months. If you keep it open, the nutrient consumption of the plant will be too large, leading to a weakening of plant growth, affecting germination of the sprout and flowering in the coming year. Therefore, it is best to cut the flower stems at the flowering stage or at the beginning of the 1-2 flowers in the lower part of the flower stems. The cut flowers can also be enjoyed for 2-3 weeks. Plants that have cut off the stems can receive more light from the direct flower shop, and often keep the potted substrate slightly dry. Flower buds need to be formed during the high temperature period (about around August), but flower buds develop into flower buds to flowering but need to be below 20°C. If the temperature is too high at this time, it is easy to drop buds. Therefore, planting in high temperature should be in a cool place. The flower buds also have poor resistance to low temperature, and the temperature is too low during flower bud growth and it will turn black and rot.
Second, humidity and watering
Cymbidium requires high air humidity, and the optimal humidity is 80-90%. The low air humidity is not conducive to growth and development. The cultivation site can be used to increase the air humidity by spraying, setting the water tank, and placing water basins. However, Cymbidium grandiflorum is semi-aerobic and the cultivated plant material cannot accumulate water. The accumulation of water can cause root anoxia and suffocation. Cymbidium grandiflorum has high requirements for water, and it should not be too dry during growth. In principle, it should be dry and poured, and must be poured thoroughly. The spring, autumn and winter seasons can be poured once every 3 - 4 days, and the number of waterings should be gradually increased with increasing temperature. In summer, it takes 2 to 3 times a day to spray water, and often sprays leaf surface water to increase the air humidity to avoid yellow leaves. In a high temperature and high humidity environment, good ventilation is required, otherwise it is susceptible to diseases. Cymbidium grandiflorum has higher water quality requirements and prefers slightly acidic water. It is best to use rainwater and river water for watering. To use tap water, stored tap water must be used.
Third, lighting
The suitable light intensity for the growth of Cymbidium hybridum is 15000-17000 lux, which is equivalent to about half of the natural light intensity. It is a kind of orchid with a higher requirement for light intensity. Under suitable light, the plants grow robustly, the leaves are short and wide, the leaves are thick, the pseudobulbs are full, the flowers are numerous, and the flowers are bright. If the light intensity is too weak for a long time, the photosynthesis flower shop is not efficient, the plant nutrition is not enough, the plants are long, the leaves are slender, and the flower shop lacks luster. Finally, the number of flowers is reduced. During the high temperature season, 50-70% of light is shielded to prevent drying of the blades. Winter and spring light seasons can not be shaded. In North China, from the end of April to the beginning of May, C. grandiflora can be cultivated on a flower stand outside or on an unopened balcony. Usually give about 50% of shading, and pay attention to good ventilation.
Fourth, fertilizer
Cymbidium grandiflorum plant tall, need more fertilizer, rapid growth in the spring and summer season, the need for adequate nutrient supply, in order to promote late-flowering plant pseudo-bulbs hypertrophy, and then to promote flower bud differentiation. Full bloom should be applied before flowering and before flowering in the next year. Fertilizer may not be applied during flowering and summer seasons. Liquid fertilizer should be diluted 1:1000, liquid fertilizer once a week. The ratio of NPK fertilizer is 1:2:2. Stopping nitrogen fertilizer application for half a year before flowering promotes plant growth from vegetative to flowering. Thin fertilizers should be applied during growth. In spring and summer, the compound fertilizer shop diluted 1000 times is used. The compound fertilizer shop can spray the leaves once a week. In the fall, use high-potassium fertilizers and apply them every half-month. Fertilizer should be stopped in winter.
Fifth, change pots and ramets
After the big flower orchids, according to the size of the seedlings and how much, for the timely change pots and ramets, in order to facilitate the next year to create a better flower. The period from the end of March to the beginning of May is a suitable period for basins and ramets, and the matrix is ​​ideal for materials that contain a large amount of humus, loose air, good drainage, suitable fertilizer, acid and alkali (about pH 5 .5), and no pests and diseases. Such as bark and volcanic ash can be used after soaking in water for 24 hours. When removing the pot, remove the plants and the plant material from the pot, remove the old plant material, cut off the bad roots, remove the dried pseudobulbs, pack the pots according to the product specifications, and make the buds to dispose, so that the nutrients are concentrated on the bulbs. Help flowering. Roots were sterilized in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes. After drying, the roots were wrapped with clean water moss and placed in a new pot. The plant material was filled until only the pseudobulb was exposed. After changing the basin, the plants should be placed in a half shade, and the temperature should be about 20°C. Do not water the first two weeks. If it is too dry, spray water on the leaves. This can promote the germination of new roots and prevent old roots from decaying. The pseudobulbs of Cymbidium grandiflora generally contain more than 4 leaf buds, and should start from the end of the flowering period, pick up the buds once a month, stop before the new flowering period, and completely remove the newborn buds and its growing points. This will enable the concentration of nutrients, the growth of the parent bulbs, and the greater flower opening and more.
Sixth, enter the room
About around the National Day, when the temperature drops to about 10°C, the outdoor Cymbidium should be moved indoors. Clean the plants and dust on the flower pots before moving in, and thoroughly disinfect the plants with insecticides and fungicides. Plants that are moved in should be placed directly in front of the window where there is direct sunlight. For the large flower Cymbidium that used the foil, use the wire to tie the foil to the pillar.
VII. Pest Control
Common diseases of Cymbidium are mainly anthrax, blight, and gray mold. Prevention and control methods are mainly to improve the environment and strengthen ventilation and cooling work. And timely spraying mancozeb 1000 times solution or Prec 800 times solution, carbendazim 1000 times solution, once a week, three times in a row.
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