(I) Reasons for loss of mechanical harvesting in wheat
1, stalk loss
After the crop passes through the threshing device of the combine harvester, some heads are not removed or decapitated, or there are varying degrees of residual kernels discharged outside the machine with the stem. The main reasons for this loss are:
(1) The drum speed is too low;
(2) roller gap is too large;
(3) The harvester operating speed is too fast and the threshing device is overloaded;
(4) Spikes are used for too long and have serious wear;
(5) Wet crops or excessive weeds;
2. Loss of food lost
That is, during the harvesting process, the wheat grains leaked from the joint cover, the inspection port, etc. of the combine harvester, and the hole of the machine wall and the corroded hole. The main reasons for this loss are:
(1) The model is old and in poor condition;
(2) Incomplete leakage plugging and improper adjustment;
(3) The original machine design does not meet the needs of the current high wheat production;
(4) The place where the leakage is most serious is the miscellaneous pockets under the pellet conveyor belt. According to regulations, the bucket is not filled with self-discharge; some miscellaneous collectors are not closed tightly after being modified.
3, header loss
That is, after the harvest, the stubborn grains, grains, etc. left on the ground are called the header loss. The main reasons for this loss are:
(1) Improper adjustment of the height of the cutting table and cutting height. Due to the impact of climate conditions, wheat varies in height, so there are more heads missing.
(2) The rounded corners of the unit are too small and missed;
(3) The height of the pullout wheel and the number of rotations are improperly adjusted;
(4) The poor state of the cutting machine and improper assembly;
(5) The operator's improper operation of the header;
4, miscellaneous food
That is, in the threshing process, the granules discharged from the tail end of the separation screen of the cleaning chamber contain the loss caused by the entrainment of the grains. The main reason for this loss:
(1) The scale opening of the fish scale is too small;
(2) The separation mesh is blocked by debris;
(3) The fan power of the clean room is too large or too small, and the position of the deflector plate is improperly adjusted;
(4) There is no third clean room;
5. The technical level of the combine harvester is low
(1) The level of professional education of pilots is low, and there are many newcomers;
(2) Improper selection of harvesting machinery and harvesting methods;
(3) poor work attitude;
(4) There is no quality inspection process;
(II) Several Opinions on Solving the Problem of Wheat Harvest Loss
1. The current harvester is updated and improved. Currently, there is a general problem that the model has a small amount of feed, and the design is far from meeting the increasing demand of the current unit production. In addition, some models have been discontinued, parts supply is not guaranteed and the standby type is updated, and a harvesting machine suitable for household contract production is selected. According to local characteristics, the following conditions should be met for the imported harvesting machinery:
(1) The design of the model must adapt to the local natural conditions and be advanced;
(2) Good resistance to harvesting;
(3) In the long run, attention should be paid to the introduction of small and medium-sized self-propelled traction equipment;
(4) The overall operating loss rate of the model is low;
(5) The adjusting parts of the harvester must be flexible and the supply of parts must be guaranteed;
(6) Good land transfer and transportation performance;
2, improve the operator's operating level
With the reform of the rural production system, most of the harvesting machinery is owned by individuals. The mechanical skill of the hand is low, it is difficult to grasp the mechanical properties, and technical adjustments in operations cannot be completed, let alone troubleshooting. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen technical training for farmers' drivers so as to improve the driver's operation level.
3, do a good job modification and plugging, adhere to the standardized operation of the agricultural machinery field, the existing grain combine harvester must do a good job of its modification and plugging work. It is necessary to adhere to the relevant provisions of the strict implementation of the technical state and operating procedures of agricultural machinery, and agricultural machinery departments should do a good job of technical guidance.
4. In the implementation of the household contract system for joint production, we must consider the full use of mechanical efficiency, and the lack of mechanization in agricultural production will not work. After the contract responsibility system for joint production, the role of mechanization is even more necessary to reduce production costs and improve economic efficiency. For large-scale harvesting machinery suitable for large-scale operations, respect for farmer households' opinions, new mechanical work cooperation can be carried out, including mechanical farming and arable land; or a new consortium; , Collective income), input and output distribution can be divided according to land area or shares, or other forms of distribution.
our company has ran Mineral Products Trading many years,we have close relationship with them,The relationship between mankind and chemical industry is very close, universal access to all aspects of life. In modern life, chemical products can not be obtained almost anytime, anywhere. From the material life such as clothing, food, shelter and transportation to the spiritual life such as culture and art, entertainment and so on, all require chemical products to serve them. Some chemical products play an epoch-making role in the history of human development. Their production and application even represent a certain historical stage of human civilization. As a category of knowledge, chemical industry has many kinds of decomposition or comprehensive classification methods in different historical periods and under different demands. According to the source of raw materials, product classification, but also in accordance with the law of history, history classification. Each division method is difficult to strictly adapt.
This volume seeks to reduce unnecessary crossings, a comprehensive classification of methods designed from the raw materials of fuel chemical branches; from the product of inorganic chemicals, basic organic chemicals, polymer chemicals, fine chemicals and other branches; from the common The branch of chemical engineering proceeding from the regularity of the process, and the comprehensive branch proceeding from historical development and horizontal linkages. Fuel chemical raw materials are oil, natural gas, coal and oil shale and other combustible minerals, so it is divided into petroleum refining industry, petrochemical, natural gas chemical, coal chemical and shale oil industry.
Among them, the oil refining industry is to create a higher output value of the industrial sector is the country's important economic lifeline. Natural gas is often symbiotic with petroleum and natural gas chemical industry is often attributed to petrochemical industry. At this stage, oil refining and petrochemicals are the main fuel chemical industry. Products produced by the fuel and chemical industries include fuels and chemical raw materials, which are mainly organic chemical raw materials (except for the syngas used in the production of inorganic chemicals such as synthetic ammonia). Therefore, the petrochemical industry is also a major part of the basic organic chemical industry.
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