At present, it has entered the season of summer heat. Affected by the two previous long-term rainfall processes, the pests and diseases in the process of yam cultivation in our province are relatively common. What are the points that should be paid attention to in the later management of yam? The vegetable experts are reminded as follows:
Ditch the cultivation of yam, clean the drainage ditch in time, and drain it in time to prevent the ditch from collapsing.
In the period from early August to late September, pest control and insect pest control combined with spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 to 4 times to prevent premature aging of Chinese yam.
Elimination of weeds in the field, avoid competition with yam, fight for water, and spread pests and diseases.
Disease prevention and treatment
At present, the diseases that damage yam mainly include anthrax, black spot, stalk rot, and white astringent disease.
anthrax:
Its symptoms are stems and leaves after the onset of the disease, the entire growth cycle occurs. At the initial stage of leaf wound, brown spots appeared on the leaves. The color of the later leaves turned black, and the lesions appeared water-immersed. In severe cases, the growth of the plants was obstructed.
The prevention of anthrax can be used 65% mancozeb 500 ~ 600 times solution plus 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times spray, interval 7 ~ 10 days, spraying 2 ~ 3 times, and cure black spot, white astringent disease. Prevention of stalk rot can be used 40% sclerotia net 500 ~ 800 times spraying stems and leaves, combined with 50% carbendazim 400 ~ 500 times Irrigation root 2 or 3 times, each time interval 10 days. The high temperature and rainy season ruled out the water in the field in time, increasing the number of spraying.
Brown spot:
The disease mainly damages the leaves, and it occurs in current production. At the beginning of the disease, yellow or yellow-white lesions appear on the leaves, and the lesions turn brown in color at the late stage. The severe leaves die. The agent can be used to control 50% tetromycin or thiophanate-methyl every 7 days.
Pest control
At present, insect pests that harm yam mainly include leaf bees and crickets.
sawfly:
Prevention and treatment of leaf bee should be in the 1 to 2 instar larvae during the prosperous period, the larvae are gray and black, specialize in yam stems and leaves, and even eaten leaves from whole plants. Can use 2% of the enemy to kill 3000 times the liquid, or 90% of the crystal trichlorfon 1000 times spray to kill. Use 40% phoxim EC, 48% Los Herb or 10% dilute 1000 times foliar spray, or kill by hand (leaf bee colony is harmful).
cricket:
In mid-August, due to rain and sunshine, the yam caused serious damage to the yam, especially the damage to the yam in the neighboring corn fields. The prevention and treatment can use 48% of Lohsborne or 1000-fold foliar spray of trichlorfon, or stir fried gluten. The skins of the trichlorfon were sprinkled before the evening.
Grub:
After being harmed by it, the tubers were bitten and the tubers could not grow normally, which seriously affected the yield and quality of the yam.
The prevention and control method is that, in the evening, 60 to 80 pieces of Paulownia leaves are placed per acre, and the Paulownia leaves are face down and manually killed in the early morning. 90% of the crystals of trichlorfon per acre 50 to 100 grams, add 1.5 to 2 kilograms of water dissolved and mixed into a sauteed cotton seed cake 1.5 to 3 kg made of bait. In the evening, poisonous baits are scattered between the rows to trap and kill larvae.
It is also possible to use 40% phoxim granules in the fields before transplanting yam, or to water with 90% of the crystal trichlorfon 1000-1500 times. It can also be sprayed with 2.5% enemy liquid 2000 times or acephate 1000 times solution.
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